Structural Family Therapy Is A Therapeutic Approach Psychology Essay

morphologic Family Therapy Is A Therapeutic Approach Psychology testify geomorphologic Family Therapy is a remedy approach that recognizes that families possess many strengths and it attempts to die familys beyond impaired patterns of interactions. Structural Family Therapy method was developed by Salvador Minuchin in the 1960s and is the leading model in family therapy and is unrivaled of the most astray roled models for family therapy. Its focus is on family grammatical construction subsystems boundaries. Its goal is to focus on problem presented and structures displayed and make better or restructure the family structure then rea kris the family subsystems.The established family patterns is described by family structure and it is these patterns that determine how, why, who and when family elements respond to and match with iodin an opposite. The traditional family structure in the United States is considered a family reserve system involving two-p bent household that provides provisions for their children. However, the two-p bent, family has become less customary, and alternative family systems cede become more common. The family is formed at birth and generations atomic number 18 formed. Those generations ar known as the extended family or subsystems aunts, uncles, grandp arnts, and cousins, and of these family phalluss anyone discharge hold major emotional and financial roles for the family. The relationships amid these people be known as subsystems, coalitions, or alliances. for each one subsystem has its own rules, boundaries, and unique characteristics. Membership in subsystems put forward reposition It is these family fellow members that join together to perform functions. These boundaries and can be viewed on a continuum from open to closed. Every system has panaches of including and excluding elements so that the line among those at heart the system and those outside of the system is clear to all. No family system is comp letely closed or completely open.OverviewStructural Family Therapy employs not only a lucidive classification of harm, but is also a means of illustrating crucial family boundaries. Its emphasis is on the structure of the family, including its many substructures. Minuchin is a follower of the communication theory, which is the discipline that studies the principles of transmitting information and the methods by which it is delivered. An demand trait of Structural Family Therapy is that the family system is apply as a particle accelerator for positive change.Every family has a structure. A familys structure is the nonvisual or covert set of functional demands that dictate or organize the way family members interact (Minuchin, 1974). Family dynamics is the term used for the way that families communicate and pull through together. Every family has a distinct pattern of relating to one another, which can be positive or negative. Family dynamics are influenced by family structure, for shell, how many children are in the family, whether one or two parents live in the home, whether or not at that place is a stepparent in the family, cultural background and the ainities of for each one member. All of these examples contribute to the influence of family dynamics. Minuchin believes families that piddle an open and appropriate structure recovers more quickly and functions split up in the long term.Key ConceptsStructural Family Therapy outlines triad basic subsystems and are a lot organized by sexuality or generation. The marital subsystem in which the couple relationship, the parental subsystem, and the sibling subsystem. Each subsystem is distinguished by the members who comprise the subsystem as well as the tasks or focus of the subsystem.In Structural Family Therapy, family rules are defined as an invisible set of functional demands that persistently organizes the interaction of the family. Coalitions, boundaries, and advocate hierarchies between sub systems are important rules for a counselor to study (Minuchin, S. 1974). Ann Hartman (1979) has defined the leaping of a family as that invisible line that separates what is inside the family and what is outside the family. This outside boundary defines the whole family in relation to other systems much(prenominal) as schools, churches, or other families, and outside individuals. The subsystems could consist, for instance, of those members who belong to the same generation (such as the children) or the same sex (the men of the family) or those who have the same interests or functions. Individuals may belong to more than one subsystem. Over a limit of time, rules are developed slightly how the subsystems interact with each other, and who is included in the subsystems, and how each participates. In other words, the kind of boundary that exists defines the relationship between and among the subsystems.According to Minuchin, understanding a family requires identifying the processe s and boundaries that operate the subsystems and coalitions in that family. Minuchin defined three images of inter personalised boundaries (clear, rigid, or diffuse) that determine the overall ability of the family to adapt successfully to change Clear boundaries around generic subsystems are ideal because they are firm yet flexible, permitting maximum adaptation to change. Rigid boundaries point detachment between family members or subsystems. The prevailing non-communicative hinders support and limits powerful adaptation. Diffuse boundaries imply enmeshment where everyone is into everyone elses business. In this case, no one and everyone is taking charge and effective management during times of change is impossible.In addition to structure, substructures and external and internal boundaries, Structural Family Therapy is also based on roles, rules and power. A family is organized in terms of roles. Every family has to decide who will care for the children, who does what chores around the house, who dos decisions, and who handles the money. To function well, a family essential have some clarity and agreement about these roles. Nevertheless, roles cannot be so firm and closely defined that they cannot be modified. Each member of a family plays a significant role in the family dynamics, and if a conclusion or divorce occurs, the family structure is upset, which upsets family dynamics. People might blame one another or rely on a varied family member more than before, which shifts the structure. Role organization and principles in any family are influenced by many factors culture, ethnic background, experience in the family in which one grew up, animateness style, and family size and composition.Over a period of time, family members develop rules about how they run with each other and with the external environment. Many of these rules are silent contracts. in that respect are rules about communication, such as parents never argue in front of the chil dren. thither are rules about how decisions are made, how problems are solved, and about how people are supposed to think, feel, and act. The rules are monotonous, expected, and unwavering.Families develop distinguishing ways to make decisions and to go under conflict. All families must have ways to make decisions and to resolve conflict. In most families all members have, and need to have, a certain summate of power and influence in some areas. As Aponte (1976) has pointed out, Family members must have enough power in the family to be able to protect their personal interests in the family at all times, while keeping the well-being of the other members, and of the family as a whole, in mind. Most people think that power and decision-making is vested primarily in adult members of the family. However, there can be a great variation in how power is distributed and used in families.There are many types of boundary problems as many problems as there are families. Family systems therap ists assess families for boundary problems along a spectrum, placing boundary problems between the following two extremes Enmeshed families are entangled and it is difficult to be extricated or separated the boundaries. In enmeshed families, boundaries do not award for individuation they are too fluid, and have become crossed and often distorted. Boundaries are constantly crossed in numerous ways. Disengaged which means to mentally separate yourself or somebody else from a situation or difficulty. disjointed describes the individual that stands on its own and is not joined to another system. Families that piece of land little to nothing, typically overly rigid families, are described as detached. Theres little to no communication and no flexibility in family patterns to compel effective support and guidance.Alignment refers to the way in which family members as individuals and as parts of subsystems tie to each other relative to other family members and subsystems (Nelson Ute sch, 1990. P. 237). Alignments can include either joining or opposing one member or subsystem over another (Aponte Van Deusen, 1981). A Coalition is an junction between two people in a system which excludes a third person. According to Minuchin coalitions are short-lived.Therapeutic InterventionsThe structural family therapy has many therapeutic interventions such as Boundary making, Unbalancing, Joining, Enactments, Accommodating, Raising devotion, and Reframing. Boundary making involves restructuring the family because it changes the rules in spite of appearance which the family functions (Colapinta, 1982). Boundary making is a restructuring maneuver because it changes the rules of the game. Unbalancing is to make something lose its agreement or equilibrium. It is used create disequilibrium in the family structure which helps the systems to see their dysfunctional patterns and to be open to restructuring and/or change. Joining means to put or bring together so as to make cont inuous or form a unit. It is necessary for the therapist to establish this bond (Minuchin, 1974). Enactments are the act or process of enacting something. According to Minuchin and Fishman enactment constructs an interpersonal scenario in the session in which dysfunctional proceedings among family members are played out. This proficiency allows the therapist to observe how family members control their actions, and to determine the problematic behavior within the sequence of transactions (Colapinta, 1982). Accommodating is a willing to please or to be helpful. Intensity is the structural method of changing maladaptive transactions by using strong disturb, repeated intervention, or prolonged nipure. Intensity works best if done in a direct, unapologetic look that is goal specific. The procedure of restructuring is at the heart of the structural approach. The goal of structural family therapy is to make the family more functional by altering the existing power structure and interac tion patterns so that problems are not maintained. It is accomplished through the use of enactment, unbalancing, and boundary formation.Cognitive behavioral TherapyCognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic therapy are the most commonly used psychotherapeutic treatments of mental disorders in adults (Goisman et al., 1999). Cognitive Therapy (CT), or Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) was developed by Dr. Aaron T. Beck, in the mid-1960s, and is a form of psychotherapy in which the therapist and the client work together as a police squad to identify and solve problems conditions. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is usually more focus on the present, more time-limited, and more problem-solving oriented. Indeed, much of what the patient does is solve online problems. The goals of cognitive therapy are to help individuals gain control a better understanding and to solve current problems. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy uses a commodious variety of techniques to help patients change their thought s, actions, attitudes, and make-up. Its focus is on the way we discern situations influences how we feel emotionally. Techniques may be cognitive, behavioral, environmental, biological, supportive, interpersonal, or experiential. CBT has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for a wide variety of disorders. To name just a few, it has been found useful for psychiatric disorders such as depression, the full wander of anxiety disorders, eating disorders, substance abuse, personality disorders, and (along with medication) bipolar disorder and schizophrenic disorder medical disorders with a psychological component, including several conditions involving chronic or stabbing pain, chronic fatigue syndrome, pre-menstrual syndrome, colitis, sleep disorders, obesity, Gulf War syndrome, and somatoform disorders and Psychological problems such as anger, relationship difficulties, and compulsive gambling.In Cognitive Behavioral Therapy clients use up certain skills that they can us e throughout their lives. These skills involve relating to others in different ways, and changing behaviors, identifying distorted persuasion, and modifying views Distorted thinking or Cognitive twistings are exaggerated and irrational thoughts. There are many types of Cognitive distortion Emotional reasoning is Feelings are facts Anticipating negative outcomes -The worst will expire All-or-nothing thinking-All good or all bad Mind-reading Knowing what others are thinking Personalization Excess responsibility and Mental filter Ignoring the positive. The cognitive distortions theory was presented by David Burns in The Feeling Good Handbook in 1989. He studied under Aaron T. Beck. According to Beck eliminating these distortions and negative thoughts will improve sense of humour and discourage disorders such as depression and chronic anxiety. The process of tuition to refute these distortions is called cognitive restructuring. Modifying Beliefs is a huge step where one must re cognize and identify certain beliefs even exist. However, in order to improve your attitude or behavior, you must begin to change these beliefs and adopt newly healthy ones. This can be a difficult task if the belief is one that you have held onto all your life. For you to change any belief system, you must begin by questioning yourself about these beliefs sort of a personal rebuttal to your own ineffective beliefs. When it comes to relating to others, most people have been conditioned to think one way, the win-lose way. Relating to others simply means interacting effectively with a wide range of people in a many different situations. Clients who relate well to others are open to new education and able to propose different roles in different situations. They are aware of how their words and actions affect others. They know when it is appropriate to compete and when it is appropriate to co-operate. By working effectively together, they can come up with new approaches, ideas, an d ways of thinking. Behavior change can refer to any transformation or modification of pitying behavior and is a rapid and involuntary when associated with mental disorders.OverviewIvan Pavlov, B.F. skinner, Joseph Wolpe, Albert Bandura, Arnold Lazarus, Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck are the contributors to the instruction of Cognitive Behavior therapy. There are three main theoretical approaches Cognitive behavior therapy. The first approach is Behavior therapy which is based upon the principles of unmingled condition developed by Ivan Pavlov and operant conditioning developed by B. F. Skinner. Classical conditioning is a reflexive or automatic type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus. The traditional example of classical conditioning is Pavlovs classic experiment with dogs, the neutral signal was the practiced of a scent and the naturally occurring reflex was salivating in response to food. By associating the neutral stimulus with the environmental stimulus (the presentation of food), the sound of the tone alone could produce the salivation response. Operant conditioning is a method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior. Through operant conditioning, an association is made between a behavior and a consequence for that behavior. The traditional example of operant conditioning uses the Skinner box, the subject, a rat, is kept in the box and becomes conditioned to press a bar by being rewarded with food pellets each time its early random movements caused it to press against the bar. The second theoretical approach is fond learning theory is the view that people learn from observation, imitation and modeling. The kind theory was coined by Albert Banduras in the 1960s, and explains how people learn new behaviors, values, and attitudes. Arnold Lazarus is a pioneer in behavior therapy, cognitive-behavior therapy, and multimodal therapy. He origi nated the term Behavior Therapy in the professional literature and went on to develop Multimodal Therapy which has been recognized as one of the most effective forms of cognitive-behavior therapy. Arnold Lazarus expanded the scope of CBT to include physical sensations (as distinct from emotional states), visual images (as distinct from language-based thinking), interpersonal relationships, and biological factors. The third theoretical approach is cognitive therapy. Cognitive therapy seeks to help the patient overcome difficulties by identifying and changing dysfunctional thinking, behavior, and emotional responses. It was developed by Aaron Beck in the 1960s.